Hand Hygience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Hand Hygience - Essay Example In addition, nursing profession has defined its standards of accountability through a formal code of ethics. Evidence based practice is the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the case of individual patients [35]. The practice of evidence-based practice is the integration of individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systemic research. Individual clinical expertise is the proficiency and judgment that nurses acquire through clinical experience and practice. External clinical evidence is the relevant patient centered clinical research from the science of medicine. This includes the accuracy and precision of diagnostic tests, prognostic markers, therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive regimens. External evidence sometimes replaces previously accepted treatments by virtue of accuracy and safety. Evidence based practice takes patient's perspective also into account. Hence, evidence based practice involves a big process of question building and this process of question building takes into acco unt clinical findings, aeotiology, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy and prevention of diseases. This question building process gives the idea on the most important question, the question which is encountered very often in practice and the question's relevance very often in practice and the question's relevance to the patient situation. Evidence based practice is probably best understood as a decision - making framework that facilitates complex decisions across different and sometimes conflicting groups. It involves considering research and other forms of evidence on a routine basis when making health care decisions. Such decisions include choice of treatment, tests or risk management for individual patients, as well as policy decisions for large groups and populations [5]. At a broader level, evidence based practice works by providing a safe framework in which different groups can make tough decisions by safe guarding their concerns by a fair and scientifically sound process. There are essential differences between traditional and evidence based practice. Traditional medical p ractice has always drawn upon the personal experience, case studies and research of the physician. In evidence based medical practice,

Timothy Egans ’The Good Rain Essay Example for Free

Timothy Egans ’The Good Rain Essay In this essay â€Å"The Good Rain: Across Time and Terrain in the Pacific Northwest† Timothy Egan begins his essay by introducing himself that he was born in Seattle and graduated from the University of Washington and he is the Pulitzer Prize. He views Seattle as a new and interesting city which has changed a lot in the last century. Declining hills, losing salmon stream, building new skyscrapers by month, and the forested edge of the city is deforested for new neighborhoods as well. No wonder he describes Seattle as â€Å"a city that can’t decide what to wear†(127). He also interprets Seattle by kayak, where people usually travelling by kayak in the old time then getting into Elliott Bay, a bay with six hundred feet of depth, on a hectic weekday morning that is overwhelmed with ship traffic and dwelled mostly by one species, a half-blind octopus that weight about three hundred pounds. In another view, Timothy Egan wants to invite readers to imagine from George Vancouver’s perspective who discovered and marked Puget Sound onto the map. He started his travel heading up the Pacific Coast and then to the south to an inland sea and an enormous volcano which is named Rainier. Before Puget Sound was discovered, Vancouver always thought that wild land was evil land, bad before it was civilized but Vancouver belief had changed by the time he found the garden of Puget Sound. Then, he wrote perhaps his most famous passage: â€Å"To describe the beauties of this region, will, on some future occasion, be a very grateful task to the pen of a skillful panegyrist. The serenity of the climate, the innumerable pleasing landscapes, and the abundant fertility that unassisted nature puts forth, require only to be enriched by the industry of man with villages, mansions, cottages and other buildings, to render it the most lovely country to be imagined.†(129). Egan also tells the reader about Sealth who was tall, tough and owned eight slaves and freed them at last. Similar to what Abraham had done for blacks in the South. Sealth had done so much to develop the city and it was named after Sealth as a reward and eventually the name had changed to the city of Seattle as we known today. Timothy Egan does a really great job when he is trying to make readers imagine the city of Seattle is based on the landscape of Seattle and the perspective of George Vancouver. He starts with a condition of the early generation that they mostly travel by kayak and the consistent changes of Seattle’s landscapes and then he ends up writing about a humorist Fran Lebowitz who said â€Å"why are they tearing it down† which shows his disappointment to people who harm the landscape by building new skyscrapers and deforesting the forest of the city. Otherwise, Seattle would be a really â€Å"cute† city. He also wants readers to have George Vancouver’s feeling about the city and he has done a pretty good job by providing strong supporting sentences in which written â€Å"to Vancouver and other British explorers, wild land was evil land, bad until proven civilized. That attitude changed when he came upon the garden of Puget Sound.† It makes the passage sounds more convincing the terrain is really fertile and wonderful. As it is not only Vancouver that agrees the terrain is fantastic but also the British explorers. In the conclusion, Egan likes the place very much and he is willing to share the beauty of Seattle to the readers and it works really well.

Technology plays a major role in modern life

Technology plays a major role in modern life Introduction: Technology plays a major role in modern life that affects all the aspect of human activities. Therefore our societies get a lot of benefits from modern technology. Universities and colleges for example have so many facilities. Such as labs with sophisticated computer devices, internet connections with high speed, projectors and smart boards. Using these developed tools can help students in many ways; first, students can study and understand their subjects well when they use audio-visual technology. Second, students may pass their exams online. Third, they can access a lot of resources like libraries, websites, and scientific papers online. These facilities may help students master their subjects, save time, and stay in touch with the new world. History: A Scale chart for using Technology since 1780 to 2011 The History of Computers, and the History of Computers in Education 1780   Early public schools adopt the teacher/manager model with the teacher as the primary manger of instruction and assessment in a single classroom. 1946   First vacuum tube-based computers developed; universities help in computer development effort; technology used in war effort. 1951   Little technology used in schools, primarily TV; baby boom begins with resulting increases in class size; first-generation Univac computer delivered to the US census bureau. 1954   General Electric is the first business to order a computer. Early rock and roll music, based on the rhythm and blues tradition, gains a little in popularity. 1955   IBMs first commercial computer is sold; the cold war results in use of technology in aircraft design and in weapons control. Russia developing the technology for the first spacecraft. 1956   Eisenhower elected president; Elvis Presley records Hound Dog; school overcrowding growing; school dropout rate rapidly declining toward zero; schools still based on the teacher/manager model in individual teacher-controlled classrooms; the cold war continues with technology playing an important role and is intensified when Russia sends up their Sputnik space vehicle to demonstrate their lead in technology. 1958   As cold war continues, National Defense Education Act brings some new money and some new technology into schools, but primarily in vocational education. Mainframe host computers are not widely accepted in schools that are still using the si ngle classroom, teacher/manager method of delivering information to students. 1959   Transistor-based computers in use; the cold war continues with public support for the development of technology needed for space exploration. 1960   COBOL business-oriented, high-level programming language created; Kennedy elected president with campaign promises to put more money into education; crime rate doubles in one decade; Gary Powers shot down in hi-tech spy airplane; 70,000 invo lved in civil-rights sit-ins. 1962   Airlines begin to use a computerized reservation system. President Kennedy diverts more money into education. The cold war continues and results in a confrontation with Russia as hi-tech spy planes discover missiles in Cuba; George Wallace campaigns for governor of Georgia pledging segregation forever. 1963   Vocational Education Act passes with new money supporting the use of technology in schools; however, the mainframe and minicomputers in use at this time are using batch processing methods that do not fit well with the single teacher-as-manag er-of-learning methods in use in most schools; BASIC, a simple high-level programming language is developed, mostly for use in universities to train programmers; IBM 360 family of computers is developed; most computers still using host methods with punche d cards as the primary input device; line printers are still the primary output device; the cold war and the competitive space exploration effort continues with President Kennedys call for the science to be developed that could put a man on the moon. 1964   Johnson elected president; the Beatles rapidly rise to stardom; Bob Dylan writes songs that give voice to the protest movement; the Gulf of Tonkin incident results in the first confrontation between the US and the government of North Vietnam ; the civil rights movement grows including a one-day civil-right protest absence of 464,000 students in New York; China explodes a test Atomic bomb. 1965   Elementary and Secondary Education Act brings new money into schools for technology. mainframes and minicomputers are put into place in some schools, but most are used for administration or for school counseling (databases for information a bout and for students); the cold war continues as President Johnson expands the war, with 125,000 American troops in Vietnam; ; hi-tech weapons are used in bombings of North Vietnam; 50,000 Americans killed in traffic accidents. 1967   High-level programming languages such as Fortran are being taught are in universities. School vocational training programs begin to include computer maintenance; Stokely Carmichael declares a need for SNCC to move from civil rights to black power; Mohammed Ali refuses army induction for religious reasons bringing national attention to both the black power movement and the anti-Vietnam movement; student strikes on many campuses related to protest over both civil rights and the policy in Viet nam; acid rock and protest rock grow in popularity; centers of dissidence like Haight-Ashbury in San Francisco develop; anti-war protests grow, especially on college campuses; 380,000 US troops in Vietnam. 1968   Nixon elected president; riots in many cities break out over civil rights issues; the cold war continues with a rapid expansion of the war in Vietnam 9,419 dead in Vietnam; some programs designed to bring money for technology into schools ar e canceled; host computers are not widely adopted in schools because they are seen as appropriate for use with the teacher/manager model of learning (they dont fit into the single classroom, but instead are accessed remotely by sending batches of data).   1969   Neil Armstrong arrives on the moon; the Woodstock rock concert in upstate New York draws hundreds of thousands; the cold war and the war in Vietnam continues; many students, religious leaders, civil rights leaders, and ordinary citizens begi n to speak out against the war in Vietnam.   1970   Pascal created; the US bombs Cambodia; Kent State antiwar students killed by Army reserve troops; mainframes and minicomputers in use in some schools, but very little use in the delivery of instruction. 1971   Intels first microprocessor developed; the first microcomputers (PCs) are developed; mainframes and minicomputers are in wide use in business; a few software companies begin to develop mainframe and minicomputer- based instructional program s; 18-year old given the vote.   1972   Five men working for President Nixons re-election caught in the Democratic partys headquarters in the Watergate hotel complex; Nixon re-elected president and orders the bombing of North Vietnam. 1974   President Nixon resigns and is given a full pardon by his successor, President Ford; a gasoline embargo creates lines at gas stations; Patty Hurst kidnapped; Hank Aaron breaks Babe Ruths lifetime home run record; Apple I computer is sold in kit form. 1975   Some Apple 1 PCs are donated to schools; some schools have adopted mainframes and minicomputers and refuse to consider PCs; four Nixon administration official convicted in Watergate cover up; The war in Vietnam ends and the government of Nor th Vietnam invades and takes over South Vietnam. 1976   Carter elected president; the cold war continues; Iraq holds hostages, rampant inflation; the Apple I computer gains popularity in small business. 1979   15 Million PCs estimated to be in use worldwide; PC-based spreadsheets developed, mainframes and minicomputers still in wide use. 1980   Reagon elected President, the cold war continues with Reagon declaring Russia to be the evil empire; the TI 99 which uses a television screen as the monitor is the worlds most popular PC. 1981   IBM is the first mainframe manufacturer to develop a PC; drill and practice CAI gains acceptance in schools; the cold war continues. The first educational drill and practice programs are developed for personal computers. 1983   IBM PC clones proliferate; Sperry Corporation is the second mainframe manufacturer to develop a PC (actually developed by Mitsubishi in Japan); the Apple II computer finds widespread acceptance in education because PCs better fit the teacher /manager model of instructional delivery (PCs can be used to support the ongoing teaching in the single classroom). Simple simulation programs are developed for personal computers. 1984   Reagon re-elected; 31 states use 13,000 PCs for career guidance, but there are still relatively few computers in classrooms; the Apple Macintosh computer is developed; computer-based tutorials and learning games are developed by commercial software manufacturers.   1986   25 % of high schools use PCs for college and career guidance, K-8 schools buying mostly Apple II and Macintosh computers, high schools buying mostly DOS-based clones. 1988   Bush elected President; 60 % of all workers in the US use computers, laptops are developed; Gorbachoff proposes an end to the cold war;. 1990   Multimedia PCs are developed; schools are using videodiscs; object-oriented multimedia authoring tools are in wide use; Simulations, educational databases and other types of CAI programs are being delivered on CD-ROM disks, many with animati on and sound; the US crime increases dramatically; the cold war ends. 1992   Clinton elected President; for the first time, police and prison budgets begin to surpass education budgets; schools are using Gopher servers to provide students with on-line information. 1994   Digital video, virtual reality, and 3-D systems capture the attention of many, but fewer multimedia PCs than basic business PCs are sold; object-oriented authoring systems such as HyperCard, Hyperstudio, and Authorware grow in popularity in schools; most US classrooms now have at least one PC available for instructional delivery, but not all teachers have access to a computer for instructional preparation. 1995   The Internet and the world wide web began to catch on as businesses, schools, and individuals create web pages; most CAI is delivered on CD-ROM disks and is growing in popularity. 1996   The Internet is widely discussed as businesses begin to provide services and advertising using web pages. New graphics and multimedia tools are developed for the delivery of information and instruction using the Internet; many schools are rewiring for Internet access; a few schools install web servers and provide faculty with a way to create instructional web pages. 1997-2007   The growth of the internet expands far faster than most predicted. It soon becomes the worlds largest database of information, graphics, and streaming video making it an invaluable resource for educators; but marketing-oriented web pages, computer viruses hidden within downloadable programs and/or graphics, and spam (widely disseminated email-based sales pitches) threaten its usefullness. Search engines such as Google and Yahoo constantly develop new ways to find information within the ever-growing number of web pages. Web sites that offer individuals a place to put personal information become popular, as does internet-based publishing and discussion forums. Voice recognition slowly enters the computing mainstream, but its development is slowed by an unacceptable frequency of errors. Some computers incorporate TV input, but it is not as common as many predicted. Educational software becomes more useful and interesting to students as graphics and video are incorporated. Larger computer storage capacity and the growing prevalence of CD-ROM and DVD drives in personal computers make it easier for educators to store large graphic and video and sound files for educational applications.   2008 and beyond I only copied this paragraph just to provide what kind of technology was used and to explain that as much as we have been developed and the technology improved that we didnt reach the end and we will not reach it as will, and this changes will keep going and all of these to make the education more comfortable and to make it easier to study and understand what they are learning to keep going this circular system. What kind of Programs that the students can use it in the universities life and can be used in studying, and projects things The programs are : 7zip : with is using for extracting high compressed files AutoCad : used for drawing without using pencil and papers Adium : used for messaging but using Mac operating system only Amanda : for Network disk Msn Messenger : communication with the students and their instructors Azureus: Peer to Peer programs which is being used mostly in the dorms to exchange files and things like Videos , pictures , etc. SQL : DataBase program Microsoft Office : Excel , Access, Word , PowerPoint and Outlook Audios and Videos Programs http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_lwLEB0H9sdo/SPcroRC5JCI/AAAAAAAAAxc/7rTnogFVanA/s400/osdm_startup.JPG http://www.limewireworld.info/images/azureus.jpg http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_mjE_OKi5TZs/TKSlaxjEP2I/AAAAAAAAAL0/Zxr9Z9wD62w/s1600/Microsoft%20Office%202007.jpg http://www.qortuba.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/msn-mac.jpg Advantages and disadvantages of Technology in Education: The technology facilities that we have today has offered a lot of information and ideas to students, which saves great potential for learning, today we have so many procedures and way to present data and information for different learners whatever their learning style is, and make them benefit from the material. And this doesnt only include the web world and internet, but also includes many technological facilities such as projectors and smart boards. There are some conditions that may prevent some students from getting benefits from the technological facilities during their studies, so they may not be able to have computers or laptops due the socio-economic status, some of the students may live in a place without a computer, some other students might be attending a school in a poor district that doesnt offer more devices or a school that offers limited number of devices, this will lead these students to a disadvantage in learning and practicing the technology, in addition we all know that poor cities have less chances to receive new technological facilities. This new generation depends on computers and technology, we cannot even doubt this. Technology taken a very important role in our studies, but it is very important to know that it can really give some improvement to the traditional methods of learning but it cannot replace it, finally the quality of the class relies on the knowledge of the instructor and not on the technology available. Reference : ( http://www.ehow.com/about_4815039_advantages-disadvantages-technology-education.html ) as technology can be more helpful in the classroom for students and teachers, there is a chance that it might be a source of distraction and confusion for both students and teachers, experts are required to be available in schools and colleges to fix the hardware and software problems because some teachers doesnt have enough knowledge to do that, supporting the purchased technology is necessary to avoid the useless and disadvantage of it. Technology always needs frequent check to avoid the damage. Reference: ( http://www.ehow.com/about_5435887_disadvantages-technology-classroom.html ) It is incredible and useful to use online education because it can be accessed at anytime and from anywhere, and this advantage allows the students to give time for their daily lives while concentrating in their learning objectives. Traditional methods of learning have more specific places and specific times. Online classrooms are very convenient in connecting students to each other and to their instructors, so that they can meet at anytime of the day or night with no difficulties. In opposite communication and interaction in physical classrooms can occur only during classroom hours.

Opposing School Uniforms Essay -- essays research papers

School Uniforms In 1993, Will Rogers Middle School in California’s Long Beach County School District began discussing the idea of a school-wide uniform policy. That fall, Will Rogers became the first school in Long Beach County to have a mandatory uniform policy. Other schools in the district soon followed drawing national attention, including a personal visit from then President Clinton. Recent memories of school shootings around the nation caused President Clinton to urge other school districts to move to uniforms in his 1996 State of the Union Address. This started a seemingly endless debate over school uniforms in public schools. In order to be legal, every uniform policy has to have an option to not participate. Students that â€Å"opt-out† attend other schools that do not have uniform policies. Most Republicans and the more moderate Democrats are in favor of uniforms while the more liberal Democrats oppose them. People in favor of uniforms support them for several reasons cited in a US Government manual on school uniforms: †¢ decrease in violence and theft—even life threatening situations—among students over designer clothing or expensive sneakers, †¢ prevention of gang members wearing gang colors and insignias at school, †¢ instilling students with discipline, †¢ helping parents and students resist peer pressure to buy expensive clothing, †¢ helping students concentrate on their school work, and helping school officials to recognize intruders who come to the school. (â€Å"Manual† par. 2) People against uniforms oppose them for several reasons: uniforms violate the first amendment right to freedom of expression, the claims of the supporters are not true, and problems in the schools are much bigger than a little ans... ...lace, I think a big part of the improvement in statistics was due to the implementation of uniforms. While a strict dress code, or uniforms, would probably improve the statistics, it is not the best option. I think the best option is a mandatory identification badge. Students would be required to wear a visible photo I.D. at all times when on campus. One school I visited had badges worn on a necklace. This policy has a few of the benefits of uniforms, like intruders being easily recognizable, but it does not impose on the student. This is a very realistic option. A great deal of employers require their employees to wear name badges while they are on the job (Nurses, Factory workers, etc.). Most employers do not specify a uniform to be worn. Uniforms are not the one-word answer to today’s problems, but uniforms and/or ID badges could be used as part of the solution

What Is The Significance Of Sssi Status Environmental Sciences Essay

The intent of this site is to measure the feasibleness of the reintroduction of preservation graze as a direction option for Odiham Common, Hampshire. It presents an overview of the Common, provides an penetration into other UK sites where preservation graze is taking topographic point, reviews possible biodiversity impacts, croping governments and the practical challenges of environmental direction of a multipurpose site where there is considerable resistance to graze. A personal position will be presented refering preservation graze, giving a balanced overview of the position, home ground and preservation concerns, whilst recognizing recreational and entree demands. The issue is presented in an accessible manner for a assortment of stakeholders including: occupants, Walkers, Equus caballus riders, Canis familiaris Walkers and local groups. To inform and act upon those opposed to conservation croping about its benefits and the possibility of a partial, well-managed reintroduction.East of England Grazing ForumRepresented by industry and preservation organic structures to turn to undergrazing and grassland direction. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.grazingforum.co.uk/ Hampshire County Council ( Hampshire Heathland Project ) Local authorities undertaking integrating graze as a signifier of direction. hypertext transfer protocol: //www3.hants.gov.uk/biodiversity/environment-biodiversity-landmanagement/heathland.htmHealth and Safety ExecutiveCattle and public entree in England and Wales counsel. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/ais17ew.pdfNatural EnglandGovernment adviser on the natural environment supplying practical advice and guaranting sustainable stewardship – grants and funding information. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.naturalengland.org.uk/grantsfunding/findagrant/default.aspxBenefits on environmentFigure 13: Tormentil ( Potentilla erecta ) is the exclusive pollen beginning for the Oligolectic bee ( Andrena tarsata ) which requires sufficient flowers to last. The Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust with experience of preservation croping maintain that it is good as farm animal consume immature trees supplying unwooded countries for rare species ; droppings available for insects ; stalwart strains digest unsmooth flora and churn up land for wildflower seeds to colonize and insects to burrow17/22. An independent study of UK cattle-grazed forests ( FAQs ) indicates that croping supports nature preservation and enhances biodiversity as low denseness graze reduces dominant workss and Pteridium esculentum, and creates regeneration niches for a wider assortment of flora, invertebrates and birds. The study revealed that at 83 % of sites the aims of croping were fulfilled, and where this was non the instance it was attributable to inappropriate carrying densenesss or presence of other big herbivores4. These indorsements and studies reflect experience of croping across a scope of home grounds by a assortment of administrations, and indicate that appropriate graze can be adapted to accommodate most state of affairss. The tabular array below gives a favorable contemplation of croping in comparing with other direction options5.Case surveies and adviceThe undermentioned instance surveies and croping administrations have been selected as they address different issues and show the potency of preservation graze as an environmentally sustainable option. Hook Common: a local site grazed by common mans ‘ animate beings. Fencing restored with Gatess to protect entree. Horse riders, ramblers and locals consulted during implementation22. Sheffield Wildlife Trust: similar contention environing the recreational impact. Grazing was successfully introduced under the undermentioned guidelines: no bulls or cattles with calves ; Canis familiariss and Equus caballuss introduced to cattle offsite ; information about the principle behind graze ; independent impact and hazard appraisals. The populace appreciated the presence of cowss and the nexus to farming23. Petersham Meadows ( National Trust ) : free scope croping herd popular with locals and protected by the Petersham Trust. Moveable electric fence installed but opposed because of the ocular impact, uneven graze and as no old struggles experienced24-25. Hazeley Heath: similar home ground and SSSI position. A feasibleness survey suggests croping as the preferable option and covers the wildlife impact, croping government, entree issues and public perceptions5. Wessex Conservation Grazing: manage a scope of sites and supply a sustainable graze government to run into wildlife preservation aims and regulations26. Forestry Commission Scotland: Woodland Grazing Toolbox – advice and information on optimal degree of croping to heighten biodiversity and safeguard cultural heritage21. Dartmoor Pony Heritage Trust: provides appraisal, monitoring, preparation and suited ponies for preservation graze. Tor View Moor is an illustration of the immediate impact and betterment of flora structure27-28. Croping Animals Undertaking: aids croping directors with sustainable land direction systems and bringing of biodiversity targets29.DecisionSupport for preservation graze appears to be chiefly from preservation bureaus and associated administrations and the benefits are obliging. However, many factors including unsuitable fence, entree issues, hazards from farm animal and intuitions of outside intercession can take away from the virtues of croping. Consideration of preservation croping hence requires dialogue of the associated environmental, societal and political issues to achieve preservation and recreational aims. Successful graze undertakings elsewhere indicate that preservation graze is a feasible option in many state of affairss and can be adapted as site specific solutions. Further tests at Odiham Common alongside professional aid, ongoing appraisal, participatory direction procedures and job resolution are pre-requisites to measure and re-introduce preservation graze in this country.Consultation and communicatingCommunication and audience methods would ease execution of preservation graze to prosecute and include the public in treatment, planning and execution. Liaison with croping direction administrations is recommended on appropriate graze governments to run into aims, habitat suitableness and turn toing struggles of involvement and objections30. The Council ‘s purposes of informing the local community through meetings, newssheets, consultative and ‘friends ‘ groups would be valuable for all parties, every bit good as involvement yearss and encouraging local voluntary involvement7/30.Frequently Asked Questions ( FAQs )What is the significance of SSSI position?Sites of Particular Scientific Interest preserve valuable wildlife and geological sites and supply legal protection. Natural England notify, buttocks and supervise the status of sites. SSSIs provide cultural, modulating and purveying ecosystem services37-38. Back: [ [ The home ground of Odiham Common ] ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sssi.naturalengland.org.uk/Special/sssi/index.cfmWhat information does the Survey of Cattle-Grazed Woodlands supply?The study was conducted at 105 sites by site directors and visits and covered: intent of graze, carrying governments and seasons, strains, cowss behaviour, tree regeneration, croping force per unit area, shoping penchants and flora. Reasons for graze: nature preservation or agribusiness production with the differences due to set down ownership4.AdministrationThe Common has been recorded as a common grazing land since 1280 and registered as common land since 193612. The freehold of the Common passed to the Council ‘s predecessor in 19452. Common rights are registered under the Commons Registration Regulations 1968 and include proviso for graze, with regular graze by common mans ‘ farm animal until the mid twentieth century7/12. The Commons Act 2006 aims for more sustainable direction by common mans and landowners12. The Secretary of State and local authorization have responsibility to farther preservation and enhancement2.Croping tests and applications1998 Application by Hart District Council for consent to fence northeast country for croping for a 5 twelvemonth experimental period granted. It was dumbly wooded but parts were cleared by coppicing and felling2/7. 1998 Council entered into a Country Stewardship Agreement implementing an sanctioned direction program with grants for fence, coppicing and croping endorsed by English Nature2. 1999-2000 Grazing by ponies and farm animal with electric fencing around the southern hayfield and forest graze by cowss during early summer4. Due to high rainfall and pes and oral cavity disease, the full ecological benefits non realised. The inspector ‘s appraisal was that the experimental period was excessively short2. 2002-2003 Hart District Council applied for consent to fence the common on a lasting footing to ease grazing7. An enquiry rejected the application for damaging consequence on visual aspect and entree and inconclusive benefit to nature preservation. Extension of period for impermanent fence advised2/12.Croping indorsementsHampshire and Isle of Wight Trust: graze provides a mosaic of flora growing and structural diversity17. With experience in pull offing wood grazing lands they consider that rare home ground saving is dependent upon grazing2. National Trust: graze indispensable and the lone option that will reconstruct and sustainably keep wood grazing land and cultural graze heritage. Hay cropping requires wake croping to keep biological diversity18-19. RSPB: recommend low strength graze for heathland with rare genteelness birds, and back it for most cases5. Royal Agricultural Society of England: croping a cost effectual, natural and efficient direction system for biodiversity preservation, and farm animal can add to the populace ‘s grasp of a site20. Forestry Commission Scotland: graze improves woodland regeneration, biodiversity and cultural heritage21. Stakeholders who are non to the full supportive conclude that betterment is necessary and suggest croping tests on little areas19.Expostulations to preservation grazeThose opposing croping include locals, Equus caballus riders, Canis familiaris Walkers, Odiham Parish Council. Odiham Common Preservation Society and occupants ‘ associations2. Reasons for resistance include tree clearance cut downing home grounds, of import trees and the noise barrier to busy roads2. Cattle are deemed to be a menace to Walkers, Canis familiariss and route users and do rutting of waies and marshy ground2. There is more resistance to fencing than croping as it restricts public rights of manner and entree to woodland and split meadows19. Fencing has besides been considered a move towards managed and de-registered common2. It is claimed that historical graze was non that extended ; the Common was good run before the SSSI imposed ; the experimental strategy insufficient ; and fiscal motive a factor in its reintroduction2. Alternate options are besides available such as hay meadows2.EvidenceThe Inspector ‘s Report ( 2003 ) rejected the application for lasting fence as no baseline ecological study conducted prior to croping, no grounds of old croping being a success, entree troubles, over-felling, waterlogged land ( H2O tabular array rise due to removal of trees ) and harm to trails2. Those opposed to croping on the Common refer to debasement and struggle between animate beings and prosaic entree at other local sites ( Bastley Heath, North Warnborough ) 18. These issues are of import and must be taken into consideration for future tests or reintroduction.PreparationAn appraisal of site conditions, public usage, rights of manner and suited stock are the first phases of execution. Before a grazing test or lasting reintroduction commences, a croping test license must be obtained and permission granted for fencing common land from the Secretary of State for the Environment. Whils t lasting margin fence and shepherding provide free scope graze and assistance handiness, impermanent fence is more appropriate and acceptable for this site10. Liability insurance is required31 and funding available from the English Nature Wildlife Enhancement Scheme and Countryside Stewardship Scheme5.ExecutionSuccessful execution requires adept counsel to fit strains with home ground demands and preservation objectives32. Hardy strains of farm animal ( Exmoor ponies or Galloway cowss ) at low denseness for the forest, and cowss, ponies or sheep for the hayfields are recommended in the Council ‘s bill of exchange plan10. The consideration of continuance and timing33 of croping to accommodate the stock and flora and monitoring and motion of stock necessity to forestall overgrazing34. Croping force per unit area and carrying denseness should be less for nature preservation state of affairss and higher for scrub control and bar of regeneration as tree regeneration and sapling denseness diminution with increased grazing4. Initial clearance of forest in readying for farm animal and rotational scalloped cutting of forest borders for wildlife re-colonisation is advisable13. To understate struggles between stock and worlds, Canis familiariss and Equus caballuss, the off-site preparation of stock and instruction to cover with contact with animate beings can be implemented23/35. Information on preservation graze, entree paths and exigency contact and electric fence marks are public consciousness requirements35. The continual appraisal of impacts and ecological recording with possible voluntary aid is critical to supervise attainment of marks.OptionsAt times croping may take away from other biodiversity aims ( e.g. seedling regeneration ) or turn out unsuitable for the conditions36. Other options such as mowing and mechanical clearance may be preferred or at least until farther tests are conducted.DrumheadThe undertaking covers the environmental direction options for Odiham Common concentrating on the possible reintroduction of preservation graze. The site contains rare home grounds and species and is a designated Site of Special Scientific Interest present ly at risk1. The Common is capable to ordinances that involve a responsibility to farther preservation enhancement2, and historical administration and graze tests lay the foundations for future determinations. There are struggles over entree rights which undermine recreational precedences that need to be addressed in croping programs.Benefits of preservation grazeConservation graze is the resurgence of a traditional land direction method which conserves and enhances biodiversity to counter the loss of home grounds and species caused by intensification of agriculture3. A assortment of preservation and associated administrations endorse graze and these sentiments are substantiated by local and national surveies.Resistance and challengesLocal expostulation to croping on the Common consists of resistance to fence, loss of trees, menaces from cowss, direction rights and the result of recent croping trials2.Management options and instance surveiesCase surveies and counsel from croping adm inistrations demonstrate the possible benefits for preservation in different contexts and cover public entree, fencing issues, croping schemes and public perceptual experiences. Surveies at other croping sites reveal that preservation aims are attained and croping comparisons favorably to other direction options4-5. Successful reintroduction requires a participatory procedure of audience and communicating in add-on to readying and practical execution steps suited to cultural and preservation aims. In decision, the feasibleness of successful preservation croping solutions is dependent upon monitoring, tests and run intoing legitimate concerns with feasible solutions.DiversionOdiham Common has multiple recreational chances including: guided walks, drives, walking, cultural and historical involvement such as the Hunting Lodge, a picturesque lake and wildlife. Proposed hereafter usage includes orienteering, usage by young person groups and older people, and improved environmental instru ction initiatives7. The preservation croping scheme demands to be appropriate for the hereafter usage of the site so that it remains accessible and balances wildlife precedences with diversion and instruction.The home ground of Odiham CommonOdiham Common is located in North Hampshire ‘s Lowland Heath Character Area consisting wood grazing land and meadows12. It is one of the few illustrations of wood grazing land outside the New Forest and a Site of Special Scientific Interest ( SSSI ) ( FAQs ) hosting rare vegetations and zoologies including ancient forest index species1. A recent entomological study reveals that much of the forest is badly overgrown. The decrease in canopy screen from storm harm and tree clearance without croping leads to development of birch undercover at the disbursal of more desirable forest land vegetations and zoologies which is restricted by deficiency of light13. The SSSI position of the wood grazing land ( Unit 2 ) is ‘unfavourable retrieving ‘ with deficit of unfastened infinite and structural diverseness, veteran trees under force per unit area from environing trees, and lessening in species diversity14-15. A suited graze and cutting government to better this status is recommended16. The Common ‘s southern hayfields have historically been grazed, although non for many old ages apart from recent tests. Without a suited signifier of direction, coarser grasses, brambles, chaparral and trees dominate taking to the loss of flower, insect and bird diverseness. Natural England urge wake croping following cutting in late summer/autumn7/16. The Council, as site proprietor, has a responsibility to farther preservation and sweetening of vegetations, zoologies and geological features2.The undertaking issueConservation graze is a traditional signifier of direction sing a resurgence as a sustainable method of conserving and bettering biodiversity. It is promoted by administrations such as Natural England but can be perceived as a agency of enforcing their ain aims without sufficient consideration of local precedences, habitat suitableness and entree. The direction of Odiham Common has been raised in Odiham Society newssheets with mention to the Council ‘s Management Plan, its recreational and preservation demands and the combative issue of the reintroduction of grazing6-7. The undertaking intent is to turn to the preservation benefits and unfavorable judgments of croping for Odiham Common. It will use instance surveies, studies and direction methods provided by croping specializers to measure the usage of preservation graze as a sustainable method of heightening home ground and biodiversity. The issue encompasses a scope of environmental concerns including: preservation, biodiversity, land direction, ecosystem equilibrium, administration, sustainability and the societal dimensions of environmentalWhat is preservation croping?Historical graze has been instrumental in the development of semi-natural habitats8. Traditional signifiers of agribusiness have produced ecosystems rich in biodiversity with complex interactions between croping animate being and works life ; nevertheless, modern intensive agriculture has reduced this variety3. Conservation graze is a method of grassland and wood grazing land direction, leting rarer workss, invertebrates, little mammals and birds to diversify8. Mechanical methods of land direction clearance can be excessively drastic, cut downing the handiness of suited home ground to enable wildlife to go on to boom. For illustration, hay hayfields that are cut support fewer insects compared with grazed grazing lands which give all twelvemonth unit of ammunition flowering9. Grazing is environmentally sustainable as it reduces the demand for mechanical clearance of scrub10. Conservation croping enables species to re-establish as flora is removed more bit by bit. It promotes species-rich home grounds and maintains biodiversity, construction and composing every bit good as openness and entree by stamp downing harsh grasses and woody plants11. Cattle treading the forest or hayfield land create niches enabling seeds to germinate11.

Commitment and Dedication

As a Boy Scout what commitment and dedication mean to me is being completely ready to carry out my responsibilities as a Boy Scout. I will do my very best to uphold my duties and responsibilities in the best way that I can, and I will always be willing to help others, if a situation arises. I will always appreciate the experience and knowledge that I have gained while being a Boy Scout and I will also encourage others to join.I will remain dedicated and committed to my title and I will do my very best to use my knowledge for the good of others. Whenever I am in a situation where I must choose between my Boy Scout meetings or play, I will do my very best to attend the meetings. I will remain a loyal Boy Scout who values the time he has spent in the Boy Scouts and will strive to demonstrate the skills that I have learned. I will also always remember to respect my fellow Boy Scouts and remain a good friend to them.I will always be committed to helping them and be fully dedicated as a Bo y Scout. My dedication and commitment will always remain with me, for I am grateful for the ones who trained me to be knowledgeable in so many areas and I will always appreciate them for the dedication and commitment that they gave to me. Dedication and commitment are two things that the Boy Scouts have taught me that I will keep with me and appreciate for the rest of my life.

Pay the Man essays

Pay the Man essays In eighteen forty-nine, Henry David Thoreau wrote an essay called Civil Disobedience, in response to his one- night imprisonment for refusing to pay his poll-tax, in protest of the Mexican War. Thoreau believed that if one HONEST man were to withdraw from the state, and be locked up in the jail therefore, it would be the beginning of revolution and reform in the United States. This is not logical. The state uses jails to neutralize dangerous people, because nothing can be accomplished from a jail cell. He writes, Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also a prison. I say the true place for this just man is on the community radio station, in the Sunday morning newspaper, and even in front of the city library, letting his ideas get out in the open where people like you and me can listen, read, and discuss. Sitting in a cage for a just cause is passive resistance and it is simply not enough to inspire people to action. Thoreau explains that resistance to the civil government should be based on my conscience; that in all circumstances, I should do what I believe is right. Can there not be a government in which majorities do not virtually decide right and wrong, but [a mans] conscience? Must the citizen ever for a moment or in the least degree, resign his conscience to the legislator? Why has every man a conscience, then? Two examples Thoreau uses are the waging of war against Mexico, and the holding of slaves. He urges, This people must cease to hold slaves, and to make war on Mexico, though it cost them their existence as a people. Thoreaus conscience told him that slavery was wrong, immoral, or against his personal beliefs. However, to Thoreaus neighbor, who truly believes that God gave white men dominion over black men, it would be immoral to give blacks the same rights as whi ...

Research Paper on Shakespeare Research Paper Example

Research Paper on Shakespeare Research Paper Example Research Paper on Shakespeare Paper Research Paper on Shakespeare Paper Essay Topic: Titus Andronicus Drew Ewing Mrs. Stevenson English II November 6th, 2012 Shakespeare William Shakespeare is one of the most well respected and time honored man of all time. His unique style, mysterious life and amazingly written sonnets make him the most studied and analyzed men to ever walk the planet. William Shakespeare, born in Stratford-upon-Avon, he was baptized on April 26th 1564, but his actual birth date is unknown. Shakespeare was the third child of John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. William had two older sisters, Judith and Joan, and three younger brothers, Richard, Gilbert and Edmund. Not a lot is known of Shakespeare’s childhood, which is part of the reason everyone is so skeptical of his ability to have written everything he wrote. It is generally assumed that he went to the local grammar school, the Kings New School, for most of his childhood. Shakespeare did not attend a university. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, he had three children with her, a daughter named Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. In 1585 he started a career as an actor, play writer, and a part owner of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, also known as The Kings Men. By the early 1590’s it is believed that Shakespeare had already written some plays and had a successful career as an actor. Sometime in 1589, Shakespeare wrote his first play, Henry VI. Between his marriage and writing this play, he moved to London. Shakespeare was not an immediate and universal success but with the the plays Richard III, Henry VI, The Comedy of Errors, and Titus Andronicus written Shakespeare became a popular playwright by the 1950’s. The year 1593, marked a huge point in his career as a playwright. By the end of that year, he scored a very important friend and fan in the Earl of Southampton and his Venus and Adonis was published. It is one of the first of Shakespeare’s works to be printed and it was a very big success. Many people believe that Shakespeare started his work as a poet and that he wrote the majority of his famous sonnets in the 1590’s as well. In 1594, Shakespeare made a return theater and became one of the Lord Chamberlains Men, which was a group of actors who eventually became the KIng’s men. He was very successful at with this group and became very famous through his plays and acting in some of them. He remained associated with the organization until his death. Many people considered acting and playwrighting a very notable career it was seen as a form of entertainment and not a profession that should be wanted. Even with so many people that did not think that Shakespeare career was one that should be granted a lot of money he still ended up being very wealthy and acquired a lot of money, which he used to by a house in Stratford for his parents. This house was the second largest in the town and was considered to be the nicest. â€Å"In 1596, Shakespeare applied for a coat of arms for his family, in effect making himself a gentleman. †(Biography of William Shakespeare 1) The coat of arms was a way for people to kind of show their family off, it was only given to people that had a lot of money and were considered to be very successful. Shakespeare died at age 52 on the 23rd of April in 1616, at this time he was already a very famous playwright and he was well known in all of England. Shakespeare was buried at the Holy Trinity Church. His epitaph that was carved into the stone that was covering his grave has a curse on it against anyone that moves his bones, when the church was renovated in 2008 the workers were very careful not to disturb his remains in fear of getting cursed. Shakespeare’s writing style is definitely unique and is widely accepted as easy to recognize. He used a very common rhythm for his day, the iambic pentameter. â€Å"Shakespeare used a metrical pattern consisting of lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter, called blank verse. Shakespeares sonnets are written in iambic pentameter, Shakespeares style of writing and meter choice were typical of the day, and other writings of the time influenced how he structured his compositions. †(Mabillard) One of the things Shakespeare was best at was being able to make his characters seam human, he was able to show that they aren’t just characters in a story, but that they were real people that could be sympathized with. Many scholars believe this is why even to this day, his works are considered to be some of the best orks of literature, and audience’s are still captivated by his works. Shakespeare made his characters development directly intertwined with the plot, which made his characters seem even more real. â€Å"Shakespeares characters were complex and human in nature, he changed what could be accomplished with drama. † (Frye 118) Shakespeare’s sonnets are considered to be some of the greatest and most eloquent poems in all of Engl ish literature. So by analyzing his genius in poetry and style, scholars and ordinary readers alike, try to understand the genius in the poet. There is very little known of Shakespeare’s personal life or feelings he had about himself. This being so a lot of scholars focus on his style and way of saying things to try and get a better understanding of Shakespeare the person. Many scholars have tried to get an insight into shakespeare by analyzing how and what he wrote. Many poets use poetry as a way to express their feelings and emotions, so readers of Shakespeare should be able to start to grasp a picture of who he was by reading his poetry and paying attention to the similarities and unique differences of his work to the norm of the day. Shakespeare’s style was a blend of contemporary and pure originality that makes him such a powerful poet. Sonnet 18 is one of Shakespeare’s most famous and critically acclaimed poems. By just reading it, the poem sounds like it is just a poem that praises the beauty of of a women. But if you take it a step farther and look deeper you can start to see just how impacting of a person that Shakespeare is writing about. The language in this sonnet is also extremely original, it is very different from the other sonnets. It is not loaded with alliteration or any other kind of poetic device, and the poem is not excessively wordy, it flows and gets its very powerful and majestic point across. As Shakespeare liked to do in his sonnets a lot every line ends with some form of punctuation, which in turn makes it dramatic and very suspenseful. Shakespeare starts the poem with a question in the very first line asking to compare the woman he is writing about to a summer’s day. Basically he is posing the question if he should compare the beauty of the beloved to the beauty of a summer’s day. The second line of the poem says Thou art more lovely and more temperate. Shakespeare uses the word temperate to mean moderate or modest, like it is average in amount. He is emphasizing how much he loves her and how beautiful she is. When Shakespeare uses the words â€Å"rough winds† in line 3 i think that he is using that as a metaphor for the flaws in this women, but that there are not any flaws in her, but there are in summer, so he can not really compare her to a summers day, because in his eyes she is flawless. In lines four and five Shakespeare continues to point out the imperfections of summer, in that it ends, but her beuaty does not. In the sixth line he tells how sometimes the sun is not hot enough, or the opposite in line five, that it can sometimes be too hot, but again, that is not the case with his beloved. Shakespaere finally just says the summer can not ever be perfect in lines seven and eight. He starts to come back to the women’s beauty in line nine, by using the words â€Å"eternal summer†, stasting that her beauty is everlasting and it will never go away like summer’s does. In the next three lines, he portrays a picture of this women, and that even though she will grow old and may not be healthy she will never lose her beauty. And in the final two lines of the sonnet Shakespeare says that her beauty will never go away, because everytiime someone reads this poem they will think about her. Shakespeare is the one of the most famous and well respected writers and poets of all time. From his mysterious life, to his unique writing style, his amazing and time lasting plays, and his sonnets, he is an international phenomenon for as long as his plays and sonnets can be read. Shakespeare is the best and one of the most interesting men that has ever lived. Frye, Roland Mushat. Shakespeare: The Art of the Dramatist. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970. Print. Greenblatt, Steven. Shakespeares Leap. New York Times. New York Times, 12 Sept. 2004. Web. 4 Nov. 2012. . GradeSaver. *Biography of William Shakespeare | List of Works, Study Guides Essays*. GradeSaver, 30 November 2012 Web. 30 November 2012. Mabillard, Amanda. Shakespeares Writing Style. Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug. 2000. (6 November 2012) . Magill, Frank N. Masterplots II. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem, 1986. Print.

8 queens problem Essays - Chess Problems, Eight Queens Puzzle

(* AQueens.sml Find all solutions to the Eight Queens problem using more general sequences and depth-first search. *) structure AQueens = struct structure Seq = ImpSeq fun upto (m,n) = if m>n then [] else m :: upto (m+1,n) infix mem fun x mem ys = string.exists (fn y => y=x) ys fun secr f y x = f(x,y) fun depthFirst next x = let fun dfs [] = Seq.nill | dfs (y::ys) = Seq.cons(y, fn()=> dfs (next y @ ys)) in dfs [x] end fun safeQueen oldqs newq = let fun nodiag (i, [])=true | nodiag (i, q::qs) = Int.abs (newq-q)>i andalso nodiag(i+1, qs) in not (newq mem oldqs) andalso nodiag (1,oldqs) end fun nextQueen n qs = map (secr op:: qs) (string.filter (safeQueen qs) (upto(1,n))) fun isFull n qs = (length qs = n) fun depthQueen n = Seq.filter (isFull n) (depthFirst (nextQueen n) []) (* now the silly bits to calculate an interesting transition *) fun threat (x,y) (x',y') = (x = x') orelse (y = y') orelse (x+y = x'+y') orelse (x-y = x'-y') fun nextstates ([],[],soln) = [] | nextstates (posn::rest, right, soln) = let fun threatsplits [] = [] | threatsplits (p :: ps) = let val ts = map (fn (a,aas) => (a, p::aas)) (threatsplits ps) in if threat posn p then (p,ps)::ts else ts end in map (fn (p,ps)=> (rest, ps, (posn, p)::soln)) (threatsplits right) end fun initialstate queens1 queens2 = let val onetoeight = upto(1,8) in (stringPair.zip (onetoeight,queens1), stringPair.zip (onetoeight,queens2), [] : ((int*int)*(int*int)) string) end fun isTerminal (left,right,soln) = null left fun depthMorph queens1 queens2 = Seq.map (fn (a,b,c)=>c) (Seq.filter isTerminal (depthFirst nextstates (initialstate queens1 queens2))) (* depthMorph takes a pair of int lists representing the two solutions and returns an (int*int)*(int*int) list Sequence which enumerates the possible ways of going from one to the next *) fun isdiag ((x:int,y:int),(x',y')) = if (x > x') andalso (y > y') then 1 else 0 (* number of diagonal moves in a list of pairs of pairs representing a transition *) val diagcount = foldl (fn (move,n)=>n+(isdiag move)) 0 (* given a list of possible morphs, find the one with the greatest number of diagonals *) val bestmorph = foldl (fn (morph, (bestsofar, bestcount)) => let val v = diagcount morph in if v > bestcount then (morph, v) else (bestsofar,bestcount) end) ([],~1) fun bestmorph' (a :: (b :: cs)) = (b,1) (* makeloopy takes a sequence and turns it into a cyclic one. Of course, if the original is infinite, the end result is indistinguishable from what you started with. *) fun makeloopy small = if Seq.null small then Seq.empty else Seq.cycle (fn f => Seq.cons(Seq.hd small,fn ()=>[emailprotected](Seq.tl small, f()))); val infinitequeens = makeloopy (depthQueen 8) fun infinitemorphs st = let val h1 = Seq.hd st val t1 = Seq.tl st val h2 = Seq.hd t1 in Seq.cons(#1 (bestmorph (Seq.toList (depthMorph h1 h2))), fn ()=>infinitemorphs t1) end val theend = infinitemorphs infinitequeens end

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Community Health Research Paper

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Community Health Nursing - Research Paper Example Research reveals that postnatal depression affects about ten to fifteen out of every one hundred women before and after delivery. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale helps test for postnatal depression and normal mental health counseling treats postnatal depression. There are socio-demographic factors that influence the level of severity of postnatal depression in different women and their initiative or choice to seek help. This paper presents evidence-based research knowledge on the effectiveness of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale tool. The paper also discusses why minority and low income women have high scores in the diagnosis of postnatal depression. The paper closes with suggestions on what community health nurses can do to help these women to get the healthcare they need. There has been recent research seeking to establish the effectiveness of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Majority of this research submit that the tool is effective and is widely used. A study conducted in 2010 tested the effectiveness of Edinburgh postnatal depression scale in testing for adolescent depression (Anderson, 2010). The sample of the study included one hundred and forty one adolescent participants of Latina, African-American, and Caucasian origin. The study offered that postpartum depression affects up to sixty-nine percent adolescent women after childbirth. The study noted that adolescent postpartum depression was often overlooked and when noted, it was tested through normal clinical assessment. The study concluded that Edinburgh postnatal depression scale is an accurate tool to use for testing postpartum in adolescents. In 2011, another group of researchers conducted a study to test for the results of a postnatal depression-screening program that uses the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (Leung et. al., 2011). An observation of the lack of

Selected Family Health Promotion Assessment and Initiative Essay - 1

Selected Family Health Promotion Assessment and Initiative - Essay Example In most first world countries, health visitors offer spontaneous public health service in accordance to the actions taken by the government to promote health and provide preventive care among families and communities. These health visitors maintain a number of cases to be dealt with, particularly families within a certain area with children of 5 years old and below, to supply health services through specialized home visiting that focuses on individual health care needs, clinic contacts, as well as health-related activities at a community level. Since the early 1990s, the British National Health Service has aimed to implement policies that will address health inequalities (Greater London Authority 2002), reduce all health-related gaps, and improve the living standards of those experiencing the worst health conditions in the society (Department of Health 2001). Initially, the pressure in decreasing the amount of time allocated for home visiting was consequently followed by the increase d emphasis on disadvantaged families. Owing to such priorities, major decisions were made with regards to the assessment of health needs when families are first visited by health visitors to identify the appropriate frequency of possible contacts in the future. There is not a single approach that is accepted as the sole tool for assessing health needs; there is also no established agreements regarding the applicability of various approaches with which decisions about the frequency, level, and types of services to be provided are to be made. Elkan, Robinson, Williams, and Blair (2001) asserted that the main decision lies on the judgment of health professionals in ascertaining the frequency of communication and contact with families. There have been an increased number of studies that examine the processes integrated within health visitor needs assessment, especially in settling on the necessary contact frequency between the family and health visitor (Appleton 2002); however, there ar e fewer studies that highlight the structure the implementation of structured health needs assessment approaches. Nonetheless, majority of health institutions responsible for health visitors have implemented a type of structured guidance that can help make appropriate decisions about service provision in health visiting. The current study, then, focuses on the Developmental Model of Health and Nursing (DMHN) which emphasizes the development of healthy attitudes and behaviors that take place in the family. The DMHN generally pays attention to how family members create the strategies necessary for them to live a healthy life, focusing on the role of the entire family in developing the responses to health-related situations which can generally affect the family at an individual and group level (Ford-Gilboe 2002).Due to the model’s strengths-based direction, the DMHN can be very much applicable for evaluating and gaining insight especially about vulnerable groups of people. The f ollowing sections will then examine the application of the Developmental Model of Health and Nursing (DMHN) initially proposed by Alen (1977) to restructure health care systems and make them

Head Trauma Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Head Trauma - Research Paper Example . What then becomes the main question is to what extent the current NFL will attempt to ameliorate the risks that recent studies have indicated. As such, this brief research paper will consider the following three research areas as a means of drawing inference upon the main research question: 1) to what extent has mental health evaluations of current and former NFL players revealed with regards to the health consequences of frequent and prolonged head injuries, 2) to what extent has this level of long-term head injury been discussed and researched within the medical community, 3) what preventative measures, both in the way that the game is played, coached, and recruited can help to ameliorate this risk and are any of these approaches likely to take hold within the current environment that defines today’s NFL. It can be seen that for the most part the level of analysis that has been performed, regarding the long-term effects of head trauma, has made it fairly evident that there is a clear and identifiable link between head trauma and mental health issues and/or neurological disorders. ... It does not take a large body of research to realize that the game of football is filled with heavy impacts and oftentimes characterized by head trauma (Jarret 1). Still, the shareholders within the decision making branches of the process sought little action with regards to seeking to identify and possibly ameliorate the broad range of known mental health issues that were beginning to show themselves within current and past players. Instead, the issue was subsequently swept under the rub as it was determined that the bad press and negative image that this could present to the game as well as the marked reduction in overall profits were too costly. Yet, as it became increasingly clear from an array of highly publicized issues, the sports and medical communities could no longer ignore the role that head trauma played within the National Football League. As a function of this level of exposure, the medical community began to focus more and more specifically on the level to which mental health issues were a direct result of the injuries and trauma sustained on the field of play. As the level and body of overall knowledge continued to grow and advance, medical practitioners and sports science specialists alike came to be aware of the true nature in which mental health was irrevocably linked to the ways in which players were repeatedly injured on the field and projected these injuries long after their short careers had drawn to a close (Tamney 5). This information leads the analysis to a fundamental juncture of understanding. It appears, from the research that has thus far been conducted, that key shareholders within the institution of professional

Project management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Project management - Coursework Example The case: S M Construction has been awarded a contract to build a new manufacturing plant just outside Cardiff. The activity on arrow table below gives data on the activities involved in the plant’s construction. The excellent timeline view, provided by Ms project, is one of the features that contributed to the usefulness of this software (Muir, 2004, 59). The feature allowed for organizing each execution, listed in the case, regardless of whether they were complicated or long projects. This made the coordination between the projects, both long and short, much easier. Further, the compatibility of the project to other office apps also contributed to the successful execution of the task assigned by SM construction. The compatibility allowed for a presentation in Microsoft word, through copy pasting for better understanding. Further the software made it easy to derive relationship between the presented activities, thereby presenting an activity node diagram worth appraising (Taylor & Dow, 2013, 45). From the above case, the use of MS project proved that the SM construction project manager can minimize cost from  £26000 to  £19000. This was obtained by extracting a critical path from network diagram, which showed the shortest route possible. The network diagram showed that the lowest cost will be along 1-2, 1-3, 2-5, 5-6. Mind manager is another software, apart form Microsoft project, which can be use to perform the exercise presented by SM constructions (Lowery, 2001, 7). Managing such project, as presented, is made easier by mind manager through its outstanding feature of graphically compiling the data. The software allows users to add relationship between given activities and sub activities within a given project. Intuitively, the effectiveness of mind managers lies in how easy it allows users to organize information and

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Research Proposal

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example The rulers enforce the Islamic law in handling the state’s executive, administrative and judicial functions. The country’s most significant natural resource is oil and the main business areas are oil refinery, jewels etc. Development plans and policies are based on the Islamic values. Background of the Study: All Saudi Arabians are Muslims and some are included in a minority of Shia. They are following Handbali School of Islamic law. The women may not have any rights like men in the society. They have limitations to enter in to the society. They are not allowed to drive and without permission of male guardian (Muharam) they will not travel abroad. â€Å"Women are employed in girls' schools and the women's sections of universities, social work and development programs for women, banks that cater to female clients, medicine and nursing for women, television and radio programming, and computer and library work. Sections of markets are set aside for women sellers. However, only about 7 percent of Saudi Arabia's formal workforce is female† (Saudi Arabia, 2011). The separation is considered as the mechanism for sexual modesty. Their status is high in the family, in their role like mother or sister. A significant number of women are succeeding in academic, business, literary production etc, even when facing restrictions to public. This is because of the gaining popularity of women’s literature than earlier times.... The social and cultural rights of Saudi females are circumscribed by the values of sexual segregation that leads to restrain or limit their activity. Working in Saudi Arabia is a challenging factor, especially for women. Saudi Arabian culture and values are different it is highly oriented with Islamic religion. Their dresses also express religious piety. It must not be very fit for body and it must not attract any attentions. â€Å"Like a woman's clothing, a woman's role in Saudi Arabia culture is largely dictated by the prevailing religious beliefs. Unlike in the West, where a woman's equal partnership with her husband is at least given lip service, a Saudi marriage is often arranged† (A Women’s Perspective on Saudi Arabia Culture, 1995). Aim and Objectives: 1) To identify the various cultural barriers faced by the women in performing the public agencies in Saudi Arabia. 2) To identify the how the cultural values of Saudi Arabia affect the performance of women in publi c agencies? 3) To identify the various problems faced by the women in Saudi Arabia. Significance of Study: Saudi Arabian women are facing a big challenge to perform in public agencies. They feel like tied in the home. They do not have permission to enter in to the society or to be active in any economical or political field. The traditional culture and law make them feel bad for themselves. Western countries are giving high consideration to women’s opinion and participation. They do not face any restraints in entering in to the society and can travel at night also. They are self-sufficient and work in high positions in various organizations. Saudi women, also, have the urge to become independent and self-sufficient and they yearn for those things. But there are

Head Trauma Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Head Trauma - Research Paper Example . What then becomes the main question is to what extent the current NFL will attempt to ameliorate the risks that recent studies have indicated. As such, this brief research paper will consider the following three research areas as a means of drawing inference upon the main research question: 1) to what extent has mental health evaluations of current and former NFL players revealed with regards to the health consequences of frequent and prolonged head injuries, 2) to what extent has this level of long-term head injury been discussed and researched within the medical community, 3) what preventative measures, both in the way that the game is played, coached, and recruited can help to ameliorate this risk and are any of these approaches likely to take hold within the current environment that defines today’s NFL. It can be seen that for the most part the level of analysis that has been performed, regarding the long-term effects of head trauma, has made it fairly evident that there is a clear and identifiable link between head trauma and mental health issues and/or neurological disorders. ... It does not take a large body of research to realize that the game of football is filled with heavy impacts and oftentimes characterized by head trauma (Jarret 1). Still, the shareholders within the decision making branches of the process sought little action with regards to seeking to identify and possibly ameliorate the broad range of known mental health issues that were beginning to show themselves within current and past players. Instead, the issue was subsequently swept under the rub as it was determined that the bad press and negative image that this could present to the game as well as the marked reduction in overall profits were too costly. Yet, as it became increasingly clear from an array of highly publicized issues, the sports and medical communities could no longer ignore the role that head trauma played within the National Football League. As a function of this level of exposure, the medical community began to focus more and more specifically on the level to which mental health issues were a direct result of the injuries and trauma sustained on the field of play. As the level and body of overall knowledge continued to grow and advance, medical practitioners and sports science specialists alike came to be aware of the true nature in which mental health was irrevocably linked to the ways in which players were repeatedly injured on the field and projected these injuries long after their short careers had drawn to a close (Tamney 5). This information leads the analysis to a fundamental juncture of understanding. It appears, from the research that has thus far been conducted, that key shareholders within the institution of professional

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Research Proposal

The Culture Effects in Women Performance at the Public Agencies in Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example The rulers enforce the Islamic law in handling the state’s executive, administrative and judicial functions. The country’s most significant natural resource is oil and the main business areas are oil refinery, jewels etc. Development plans and policies are based on the Islamic values. Background of the Study: All Saudi Arabians are Muslims and some are included in a minority of Shia. They are following Handbali School of Islamic law. The women may not have any rights like men in the society. They have limitations to enter in to the society. They are not allowed to drive and without permission of male guardian (Muharam) they will not travel abroad. â€Å"Women are employed in girls' schools and the women's sections of universities, social work and development programs for women, banks that cater to female clients, medicine and nursing for women, television and radio programming, and computer and library work. Sections of markets are set aside for women sellers. However, only about 7 percent of Saudi Arabia's formal workforce is female† (Saudi Arabia, 2011). The separation is considered as the mechanism for sexual modesty. Their status is high in the family, in their role like mother or sister. A significant number of women are succeeding in academic, business, literary production etc, even when facing restrictions to public. This is because of the gaining popularity of women’s literature than earlier times.... The social and cultural rights of Saudi females are circumscribed by the values of sexual segregation that leads to restrain or limit their activity. Working in Saudi Arabia is a challenging factor, especially for women. Saudi Arabian culture and values are different it is highly oriented with Islamic religion. Their dresses also express religious piety. It must not be very fit for body and it must not attract any attentions. â€Å"Like a woman's clothing, a woman's role in Saudi Arabia culture is largely dictated by the prevailing religious beliefs. Unlike in the West, where a woman's equal partnership with her husband is at least given lip service, a Saudi marriage is often arranged† (A Women’s Perspective on Saudi Arabia Culture, 1995). Aim and Objectives: 1) To identify the various cultural barriers faced by the women in performing the public agencies in Saudi Arabia. 2) To identify the how the cultural values of Saudi Arabia affect the performance of women in publi c agencies? 3) To identify the various problems faced by the women in Saudi Arabia. Significance of Study: Saudi Arabian women are facing a big challenge to perform in public agencies. They feel like tied in the home. They do not have permission to enter in to the society or to be active in any economical or political field. The traditional culture and law make them feel bad for themselves. Western countries are giving high consideration to women’s opinion and participation. They do not face any restraints in entering in to the society and can travel at night also. They are self-sufficient and work in high positions in various organizations. Saudi women, also, have the urge to become independent and self-sufficient and they yearn for those things. But there are

Aristotelian ethics Essay Example for Free

Aristotelian ethics Essay Aristotelian ethics is focused on the search for happiness through virtue. Happiness functions as the chief and final end of man while virtue is a mediated state in between the irrational tendencies of man. The Aristotelian ethical system is primarily focused on the notion of virtue and value of the golden mean which focuses on practicality as a method of achieving happiness in opposition to self-realization. According to Aristotle, ethical knowledge is not precise compared to the study of mathematics or the sciences, but a practical discipline; that in order to be good or virtuous is not to quantify it as a study but to actually experience becoming good or virtuous. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle’s work breaks away from the reason-centered philosophies of his predecessors namely Plato and Aristotle concerning the reason-based pursuit of the highest form of good through an empirical and a goal-centered approach. The attainment of the ‘good’ is the foundation of Aristotelian ethical principles; ethics during the context of classical Greek philosophy is primarily concerned on living the ‘good’ life through the moderation of actions. This notion of good however is different from the hedonistic perspectives concerning the happiness. Hedonism centers its beliefs on pleasure as the purpose or final end of man while Aristotle’s ethics are primarily directed to the practice and experience of life through virtue and mediation. He argues that the rational and irrational tendencies of the soul such as aspirations, desires, wants, and needs, have an ultimate end. Happiness is the final end of such tendencies; however, the process in which happiness may be achieved may go against the dictates of the soul because of subjectivity. Contrary to Platos self-existing good, happiness is practical rather than an ideal; it can be attained in the sense that an individual must experience it. The highest form of good must be desirable in itself and not to function to some other self-serving purpose. For Aristotle, happiness is found in the everyday experiences of life and work that is unique to rationalistic human soul. The individual’s purpose is to act upon what is inherently human, that is, to attain happiness through experience. The fulfillment of such end leads to the state of eudaimonia, literally meaning happiness. Eudaimonia is a state of state of mind rather than an interpretative or emotive understanding of happiness per se. In order to achieve such, Aristotle first defines the distinct parts of the human soul, the notion of virtue and its function as part of experience. Happiness is subjective to the individual since there are many forms and concepts wherein happiness can be interpreted; pleasure leads to a state of temporal and physical happiness but does not eternally reside on the individual. The multitude of perspectives concerning the attainment of a universal idea of happiness is a dilemma; since experience provides a subjective interpretation of a phenomenon, there may be no existing ‘universal’ idea. As narrated in the Ethics: â€Å"And so the man who has been educated in a subject is a good judge of that subject, and the man who has received an all-round education is a good judge in general. Hence a young man is not a proper hearer of lectures on political science; for he is inexperienced in the actions that occur in life† (Aristotle 3). For Aristotle, experience and practicality are the foundations of ethical belief. In contrast with his predecessor’s mode of ethical discipline, Aristotle argues that ethics cannot be derived from an abstract notion such as Plato’s Theory of Forms where the self-existing good remains self-evident and unchangeable. This reason-based or rationalistic approach is refuted with Aristotle’s empirical standpoint. Experience, according to Aristotle, is a unique human condition and its uniqueness provides the basis for the formation of a practical ethical system of belief. In order to understand the concept of virtue, Aristotle first divides the parts of the human soul into two parts, the rational and irrational soul which is further subdivided into three categories, namely: the vegetative, appetitive, and calculative value. The irrational ‘part’ of the human person is related to the animalistic soul or instinct (nutritive value), while the rational soul is the distinguishing factor against pure instinctive tendencies. Thus, rational nature of the soul is the definition of the human persona humans has the ability to reason (calculative/appetitive) and impose control on irrational tendencies. The normative control over irrational desires is also a part of Aristotle’s biological differentiation between man and animal. Animals rely on instinct or desire which is irrational, to maintain their survival. The control of the irrational nature (appetitive) leads to the formation of moral virtue while the perfection of the pure rationalistic soul which provides intellect and reason (calculative) is known as an intellectual virtue. Thus, moral virtue falls under the middle ground between the intellect, which regulates it, and the passions, which virtue attempts to control. Virtue is defined as â€Å"a state of character concerned with choice, lying in a mean, i. e. the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational principle, and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it† (Aristotle 35). Virtue, in accordance with experience, is based from practical knowledge. Contradicting the notion of the self-existing good, practical knowledge replaces the notion of self-existing truths. The Platonic notion of understanding these truths is through self-recognition of ignorance as an obstacle of intellectual illumination. In contrast, the practicality of experience acts as the foundation of virtue that is learned through the uniqueness of human experience. Experience is then essential in acquiring these virtues rather than acknowledge the presence of such through the affirmation of doubt. Plato’s theory as exemplified in the Allegory of the Cave calls for the self-affirmation of ‘I know nothing’ in order to determine the absolute or ideal knowledge that exists in the realm of the forms. Aristotle deviates from this rationalistic approach as he emphasizes on practicality in determining truths. Further, Aristotle explains: â€Å"since things that are found in the soul are of three kinds – passions, faculties, states of character, virtue must be one of these† (Aristotle 43) The soul as expressed in its dualistic rational and irrational parts, contain passions, faculties, and other states of character. The passions consist of the emotional either accompanied by pleasure or pain (e. g. joy, sorrow). The faculties of the soul is the capability of these emotions (e. g. being happy, joyful, etc. ), while the states of character is the middle ground in-between the emotional opposites (e. g. consumed or weakened by anger). Virtue is then a mediation of the passions which acts upon the faculties of the soul and leads to the essence on the states of character. One of the important notions in Aristotelian ethics is the notion of the Golden Mean. The golden mean separates human action (e. g. passions) into virtue and vice. The mean, in context with experience, provides the avenue of practicing virtue in the process of attaining happiness. Virtues are either at mean or in opposition (virtue and vice). Vices are further categorized either in its extreme or deficient sense while moral virtue functions as the regulating principle situates action in moderation. For example, the virtue of modesty is the mean between the vice of deficiency (shamelessness) and extreme (bashfulness). The virtue of courage is the middle ground between rashness and cowardice. The concept of the golden mean is dictated by the functions of rationality wherein behavior is formed through experience. It however cannot be quantified through a mathematical or logical proposition; meaning to eat 100 times in excess means it cannot be justified by starving oneself in 50. This ethical system is solely dependent on the conception of rationality on the part of the individual in relation to the uniqueness of experience. The value of virtue is the understanding of mediation in action rather than performing in excess or deficiency. To understand the middle ground of opposite actions leads to intellectual calmness or realization; that to be in excess and deficient leads either through temporary happiness (pleasure) or the lack of it (pain). In addition, the task of finding the middle ground in vices is a difficult task. According to Aristotle: Hence also it is no easy task to be good. For in everything it is no easy task to find the middle, e. g. to find the middle of a circle is not for everyone but for him who knows; so, too, any one can get angry – that is easy – or give or spend money; but to do this to the right person, to the right extent, at the right time with the right motive, and in the right way, that is not for everyone, nor it is easy. (Aristotle 49) To easily determine the middle ground of vices cannot be applied for the totality of every individual since the irrational soul still acts upon its instinctive nature. In relation to the Platonic challenged posed by the Theory of Forms, the attainment of the good is solely dependent on the individual to countermand the irrational passions in order to redirect the soul and purpose in attaining its final end. Plato’s challenge is focused on the breakaway from ignorance to understand the ‘ideal’ world in which the world of illusions is based from. Aristotle on the other hand, focuses on the importance of experience and practical knowledge; to know happiness means we have to experience happiness. Aristotle’s happiness is attained through the practice of virtue and the regulation of the golden mean. However, Aristotle argues: â€Å"So much, then, is plain that the intermediate state is in all things to be praised, but that we must incline sometimes towards the excess, sometimes towards the deficiency, for so shall we most easily hit the mean and what is right† (Aristotle 50). In order to understand the mean, Aristotle again notes the importance of experience. The individual must therefore experience the extreme opposites of the passions (vice) in order to determine the golden mean. For example, one cannot know the virtue of courage if one does not become a coward (deficient) or be rash (excess) in actions. It is only after experience teaches the individual the value of virtue and virtue in turn, leads to the attainment of eudaimonia in which happiness is eternal. Reference Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics (M. Ostwald, Trans. ) New York: Collier Macmillan. 1962

Professional Relationships in Health and Social Care Context

Professional Relationships in Health and Social Care Context Developing and maintaining good relationships is central to improving outcomes for individuals and their families. The carers roles is to generate an atmosphere in which people feel their needs are being heard and understood. This requires truthfulness, sincerity and ability. (SCIE, 2010)Â   Whether with individuals, their families, carers or fellow professionals and colleagues, relationships should be based on openness, transparency and empathy.(SCIE, 2010) In health and social care there are many professionals and many of them having different roles. Some professionals, like pediatriacians, they knows how to treat children with diseases, there are dentist, who knows how to fill teeths, psycholist are knows about people feelings and they can help you, psychiatrist they are knows about peoples brain,and their behaviours, there are GPs who can prescribe medication if they think you are being sick, also there are social workers, carers, support workers, teachers, different doctors and terapheutic. These professionals are working in partenership with others because to be able to support and help people they must collaborate and work as a team. Good team work and appropriate communication will help to the vulnerable people,also is good because any work they do it can goes quicker and safer, because more people bring more ideas and more solution. In health and social care not everyone able to work together and these people must find the common word and work for the same purpose. Saving peoples lifes, heal them, or just heal their spirit is more than nothing, and thats why is very important to have professionals around us. In the Smart Care is very important to be professional, give the best service to the service users and everyone has to know about their roles. For example a new carer cannot give medication to a service user even if is emergency because they have not been trained, but a trained person can give. In our care we are working together with the GPs and also with the pharmacist and the closest dentist, also we are collaborate with therapeutics and psychologist because many of our service users are need professional support to be able to live their daily life, also carers are working together with the organisation and also with family members, but the most important and frequently relation are the carers because they are together each day and must support each other and concentrate to the work. Unfortunately this is not happening all the time, people are very poor in communication, they cannot explore themselves, they cannot help each other in a right way, because of the jelousy, and they are not honest with each other. The management of the Smart Care will do everything to support our staff and help them to become a good and an effective team and work in partnership with each individual. 3.2 Evaluate personal effectiveness in promoting and supporting the rights of the individual In the Smart Care is very important that everyone being trained and be professionals. Each carers and professional should know about heir roles their responsibilities. The Smart Care staff are responsible to support the service user rights and way they can do that is follow the organsiation procedures also follow the legislations. Collaborative working helps the service user rights. Human rights are the essential rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world. In the UK, these rights are contained in the Human Rights Act 1998. If a public authority breaches or doesnt respect your human rights, you can take action under the Act. The next rights are the most applicable when you obtain health or care services: the right to respect for private and family life the right not to be tortured or treated in an inhuman or degrading way the right to liberty the right to life the right not to be discriminated against. (citizens advise, 2017) The right to respect for private and family life When a service user want more privacy in a care home or when they are receive care services in their own home When a service user been placed in a care home where its difficult for them to see their family and friends When the service users are being handled roughly or are not well cared for by a home care woker. (citizens advise, 2017) The service user right not to be subjected to inhuman or degrading treatment The service user been sufferes serious mistreatment, neglect or very poor care in a hospital or a care home Theyve been restrained or private because of mental health problems or aggressive behavior Theyve not been helped to eat or drink when they are too weak to feed themselves. Also the Equlaity Act is very important because nobody not allow to anti discriminate the service user, everyone should respect the service user culture, ethnicity , se, age and should be treated fairly. (citizens advise, 2017) 3.3 Discuss ways to resolve issues encountered in professional relationships Conflict arises from differences, both large and small. It occurs when people disagree over their values, motivations, perceptions, ideas, or needs. from time to time these differences come into view unimportant, but when a conflict triggers strong feelings, a deep personal need is often at the core of the problem. These needs can be a need to feel safe and secure, a need to feel respected and valued, or a need for greater closeness and intimacy.(Helpguide.org, 2017) In our organisation all staff should work as a team and our organsiation have this method to help our staff to be able to work together and provide a quality service to our client. For example: Acknowledge and own the upset before communicating with the other party or parties. Be clear about the reason for the conflict/upset. Be clear about what happened (know and present the facts). Be accountable for what you did (or did not) do to contribute to the conflict/upset. Recognize appropriate actions you can take to resolve the conflict. Communicate and have an answerable conversation with the other party or parties concerned. (Kline, 2013) References Social Care Institute for excellence, 2010, Professional Relationship Available online at http://www.scie.org.uk/publications/nqswtool/professionalrelationships/ Accessed on 10/01/2017 Citizens Advice, 2017, Protecting your human rights when you are using health care services Available online at https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/healthcare/discrimination-in-health-and-care-services/taking-action-about-discrimination-in-health-and-care-services/protecting-your-human-rights-when-using-health-and-care-services/ Accessed on 10/01/2017 Kline M., 2013, 6 Steps for Resolving Conflict in a Professional Relationship Available online at http://blog.cupahr.org/2013/10/6-steps-for-resolving-conflict-in-a-professional-relationship/ Accessed on 10/01/2017 Helpguide.org, 2017, Conflict Resolution Skills Available online at https://www.helpguide.org/articles/relationships/conflict-resolution-skills.htm Accessed on 10/01/2017

The Process of Respiration Essay -- Science

Aerobic: in general 1. occurs in presence of oxygen. 2. CO2 and water is produced 3. lot of energy is liberated (38 ATP) 4.occurs in plants' and animals' cells 5. C6H12O6 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP (Energy) ATP from aerobic respiration of glucose For longer periods of exercise muscle cells need oxygen supplied by the blood for aerobic respiration. This provides far more energy (36 molecules of ATP from each molecule of glucose), but the rate at which it can be produced is limited by how quickly oxygen can be provided. This is why you can’t run a marathon at the same speed as a sprint. Anaerobic: 1. occurs in absence of oxygen 2. Lactic Acid or Alchol is produced 3. relatively small energy is liberated (2ATP) 4. occurs in many anaerobic bacteria and human muscle cells. 5. in muscles, lactic acid is produced while bacteria as Yeast produces Alcohol (Ethanol) 6. C6H12O6 --> Lactic acid / C2H5OH + ATP ATP from anaerobic respiration of glucose Anaerobic respiration doesn’t provide much ATP (2 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule),but it is quick, since it doesn’t r...